Exploring the Heritage of Buddhism in Sri Lanka

Buddhism is the national religion of Sri Lanka, and a large cultural influence throughout much of the country.

As you travel through Sri Lanka these days, you’ll encounter aspects of Buddhism on a daily basis. Maybe you’ll hear temple prayers being broadcast over the loudspeakers from your homestay in the village, or spot some monks in town, clad in their orange or maroon robes. You might even spot towering statues of the Buddha himself, carved into ancient rock faces!

Buddhism's Origins in Sri Lanka

While most major religions are practiced in Sri Lanka, Buddhism–the country’s official religion–is practiced by 70% of the population . . . but how did it get here? In the third century BCE, a Buddhist missionary from eastern India named Mahendra traveled to Mihintale Hill, a sacred site near Anuradhapura, where he chanced to meet with the Sinhalese king Tissa. After hearing Mahendra’s sermon on Buddhism, King Tissa, his royal family, and many of the common people soon embraced the religion, and the rest is history.

Experience Buddhist Culture in Sri Lanka

Many of Sri Lanka’s eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites have enormous Buddhist significance, including the Rangiri Dambulla Cave Temple and the Sacred City of Kandy, so if you’re on a spiritual journey, we recommend adding these destinations to your itinerary. Another great suggestion for those looking to dive deep into the practice of meditation is to attend a silent, week-long vipassana retreat at Nilambe Buddhist Meditation Center. 

Understanding the Significance of Poya - The Buddhist Full Moon Celebration

Each full moon, or "Poya Day", is a federal holiday in Sri Lanka.

If you don’t have the time to travel around or sit in meditation for a week, don’t fret–just being in Sri Lanka is a spiritual experience in itself. And if you’re lucky enough to be here during the full moon, you will have the opportunity to witness a monthly Poya celebration!

The full moon has special significance to Buddhist practitioners, and each month, certain events from the Buddha’s life are commemorated during Poya celebrations. These celebrations typically include gathering at a local temple for religious rites and sermons, communal meals, and sometimes even parades–Poya days are also bank and civil holidays! 

A different event from the Buddha’s life is remembered each month, with Vesak Poya occurring in May. Also referred to as the “Festival of Lights”, Vesak Poya commemorates the most significant events of Buddha’s life: his birth, enlightenment, and death.

Visit a Temple and Learn from Buddhist Monks in Sri Lanka

Be sure to make some time to visit at least one Buddhist temple during your trip to Sri Lanka, even if you won’t be here during a Poya day. They are beautiful and peaceful places for contemplation, and some, such as the Sri Wijayasudararamaya temple in Ahangama, offer donation-based meditation sessions and sermons for foreigners.

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Conclusion

Whether you're a devout Buddhist or simply curious about the religion, Sri Lanka offers a unique and enriching experience. From ancient temples and sacred sites to vibrant Poya celebrations, the country's Buddhist heritage is deeply ingrained in its culture. By exploring Sri Lanka's Buddhist traditions, you'll gain a deeper understanding of the religion and its impact on the island nation. So, pack your bags and embark on a spiritual journey through the beautiful land of Sri Lanka!